| pubmed-article:9044141 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0003392 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0086418 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0036126 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0021756 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0017337 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0332161 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0332256 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0679622 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0205314 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0441712 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:issue | 2 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:dateCreated | 1997-5-2 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:abstractText | Currently, there is no long-term effective treatment for unresectable hepatic malignancies. Salmonella species are known to naturally track to the liver during active infection. To develop a biological vector for delivery of interleukin-2 (IL-2) to the liver for antitumor purposes, the thi 4550 attenuated strain of Salmonella typhimurium was used as a vector for IL-2. The gene for human IL-2 was cloned into plasmid pYA292 and inserted into the attenuated S typhimurium and renamed (thi 4550(pIL-2)]. MCA-38 murine adenocarcinoma cells were injected intrasplenically into C57BL/6 mice to produce hepatic metastases that were subsequently enumerated after 12 days. We previously have demonstrated that the thi 4550(pIL-2) produces biologically active IL-2 and that a single gavage feeding of 10(7) thi 4550(pIL-2) significantly reduced the number of hepatic metastases when compared with animals fed salmonella lacking the IL-2 gene or nontreated controls. The aims of the current studies were to determine which host effector cell populations were responsible for the antitumor effect seen with thi 4550(pIL-2) by depletion of natural killer (NK), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+), T helper (CD4+) cells, and Kupffer cells. Multiple experiments were conducted for each host effector cell population depleted. We found a consistent reduction in the mean number of hepatic metastases in animals fed thi 4550(pIL-2) (55.6 metastases; n = 54) when compared with controls (162.3 metastases; n = 53) (P < .0001). Depletion of NK cells and CD8+ T cells significantly inhibited the antitumor effect of thi 4550(pIL-2) (analysis of variance [ANOVA], P < .01). Elimination of CD4+ T cells and Kupffer cells had no significant impact on the antitumor effect of thi 4550(pIL-2) (ANOVA, P value was not significant). Salmonella IL-2 may represent a novel form of in vivo biotherapy for unresectable hepatic malignancies that employs the oral route of administration. Furthermore, both NK cells or CD8+ cells are required for the antitumor effect seen while CD4+ T cells and Kupffer cells do not appear to be as essential. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:month | Feb | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:issn | 0022-3468 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:AndersonP MPM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:LeonardA SAS | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:CurtissRR3rd | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:SaltzmanD ADA | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HaszD EDE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KellsS SSS | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KatsanisEE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HeiseC PCP | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:VigdorovichVV | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:volume | 32 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:pagination | 301-6 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2006-11-15 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:9044141-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:year | 1997 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:articleTitle | Antitumor mechanisms of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium containing the gene for human interleukin-2: a novel antitumor agent? | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:9044141 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | pubmed:referesTo | pubmed-article:9044141 | lld:pubmed |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | pubmed:referesTo | pubmed-article:9044141 | lld:pubmed |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | pubmed:referesTo | pubmed-article:9044141 | lld:pubmed |
