| pubmed-article:8605921 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0007634 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0237401 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0332307 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0039194 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0678226 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1332714 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0011155 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1823153 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1705241 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0439097 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C2349976 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1552644 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1547348 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:issue | 3 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:dateCreated | 1996-5-20 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:abstractText | Human gamma delta T lymphocytes expressing the variable T cell receptor elements V gamma 9 paired with V delta 2 are activated by antigen derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb.) and presented by antigen-presenting cells (APC). The subsequent proliferation is strictly dependent on the presence of CD4+ TCR alpha beta+ T helper type 1 (Th1) cells producing interleukin-2 (IL-2). In this study, we report that the reactivity of V gamma 9 cells to M. tb. stimulation in vitro was drastically decreased or absent in the majority of the analyzed HIV-1-infected individuals (CDC stages III and IV). We show that the failure of V gamma 9 cells from HIV+ individuals to proliferate following M. tb. stimulation was not due to an intrinsic qualitative or quantitative defect of gamma delta T cells but rather to a deficiency of M. tb.-reactive CD4 Th1 cells. Thus, V gamma 9 responsiveness could be restored if cultures of M. tb.-stimulated T cells from HIV+ donors were reconstituted with one of the following: (i) exogenous IL-2 (ii) purified CD4 T cells from allogeneic donors; or (iii) T cell-depleted APC from allogeneic donors. In the majority of HIV+ patients, the defective Th1 activity of M. tb.-stimulated CD4 T cells could be decreased neither by cytokines known to favor Th1 development (IL-12, interferon-gamma) nor by neutralization of the Th1-suppressing Th2 cytokine IL-10. We suggest that measurement of V gamma 9 cell expansion within M. tb.-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells provides a sensitive assay for the functional capacity of antigen (M. tb.)-specific CD4 Th1 cells in HIV-infected individuals. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:month | Mar | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:issn | 0014-2980 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KabelitzDD | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:PechholdKK | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:FrieseKK | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:WeschDD | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:volume | 26 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:pagination | 557-62 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2008-11-21 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:8605921-... | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:8605921-... | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:8605921-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:8605921-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:8605921-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:8605921-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:8605921-... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:year | 1996 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:articleTitle | Mycobacteria-reactive gamma delta T cells in HIV-infected individuals: lack of V gamma 9 cell responsiveness is due to deficiency of antigen-specific CD4 T helper type 1 cells. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Immunology, Paul Ehrlich Institute, Langen, Germany. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:8605921 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
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