| pubmed-article:312322 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0034650 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:312322 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0026845 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:312322 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0521119 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:312322 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1522565 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:312322 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0032821 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:dateCreated | 1979-7-16 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:abstractText | 1. Application of voltage clamp pulses (1--10 sec) to frog ventricular strips causes temporary changes in the extracellular K concentration. 2. The changes in the extracellular K concentration can be estimated from (a) slowly decaying post-clamp after-potentials, (b) changes in the action potential duration, and (c) measurements with a K-selective micro-electrode. 3. The depolarization of the resting potential and the shortening of the action potential are present in approximately the same proportions during voltage-clamp induced extracellular K accumulation and during perfusion with a K-ricn Ringer solution but small consistent differences are noticed. 4. The measurements of the after-potential, the action potential shortening, and the K-electrode response were analysed as indicators of extracellular K+ activity and it was concluded that the after-potential provides the most convenient and reliable estimate of the absolute magnitude of the voltage-clamp induced extracellular K accumulation. 5. The depolarizing after-potentials decay more slowly than the hyperpolarizing after-potentials but it is found that this reflects the selectivity of the membrane to K+ concentrations as predicted by the Nernst or the Goldman equations. 6. Analysis of the redistribution of accumulated K+ from the decay of the after-potential suggests that the major part of the redistribution process can be described by a single time constant (2--4 sec). A much longer time constant is required for a smaller component of the 'tail' in order to bring [K]o to the normal resting state. 7. N-shaped relations similar to the 'steady state' current-voltage relation are obtained when the post-clamp after-potential, the action potential shortening, and the K-electrode response are plotted versus the clamped membrane potential. The maxima of these curves are located around -40 mV and the minima around -20 mV. 8. In spite of a significant outward membrane current (1--1.5 microamperemeter) in the minimum region (-20 mV), the post-clamp after-potential is often hyperpolarizing in nature suggesting extracellular K depletion. 9. These findings indicate that the K efflux is lower at -20 mV than at both higher and lower potentials and suggest that the N-shape 'steady state' current-voltage relation mainly reflects the voltage dependency of the K current. 10. A theory for K accumulation in a single compartment is presented which predicts that a simple linear RC-circuit may describe the electrical response of the preparation in a limited potential range around the resting potential. The extracellular accumulation space was estimated to be 13--16% of the total volume of the preparation. It is tentatively suggested that the accumulation space is equivalent to the subendothelial fraction of the extracellular space. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:month | Jan | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:issn | 0022-3751 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MoradMM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:CleemannLL | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:volume | 286 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:pagination | 83-111 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2010-9-2 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:312322-R... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:year | 1979 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:articleTitle | Extracellular potassium accumulation in voltage-clamped frog ventricular muscle. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:publicationType | In Vitro | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:312322 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. | lld:pubmed |
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