| pubmed-article:21576473 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0019704 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0043210 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0035820 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0132326 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0332157 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0205419 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0231174 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0280274 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:issue | 22 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2011-6-1 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:abstractText | In the OCTANE/A5208 study of initial antiretroviral therapy (ART) in women exposed to single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) ? 6 mo earlier, the primary endpoint (virological failure or death) was significantly more frequent in the NVP-containing treatment arm than in the lopinavir/ritonavir-containing treatment arm. Detection of NVP resistance in plasma virus at study entry by standard population genotype was strongly associated with the primary endpoint in the NVP arm, but two-thirds of endpoints occurred in women without NVP resistance. We hypothesized that low-frequency NVP-resistant mutants, missed by population genotype, explained excess failure in the NVP treatment arm. Plasma samples from 232 participants were analyzed by allele-specific PCR at study entry to quantify NVP-resistant mutants down to 0.1% for 103N and 190A and to 0.3% for 181C. Of 201 women without NVP resistance by population genotype, 70 (35%) had NVP-resistant mutants detected by allele-specific PCR. Among these 70 women, primary endpoints occurred in 12 (32%) of 38 women in the NVP arm vs. 3 (9%) of 32 in the lopinavir/ritonavir-containing arm (hazard ratio = 3.84). The occurrence of a primary endpoint in the NVP arm was significantly associated with the presence of K103N or Y181C NVP-resistant mutations at frequencies >1%. The risk for a study endpoint associated with NVP-resistant mutant levels did not decrease with time. Therefore, among women with prior exposure to sdNVP, low-frequency NVP-resistant mutants were associated with increased risk for failure of NVP-containing ART. The implications for choosing initial ART for sdNVP-exposed women are discussed. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:month | May | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:issn | 1091-6490 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HoangH MHM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HughesMichael... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:McIntyreJames... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:CurrierJudith... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MellorsJohn... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ZhengYuY | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:CoffinJohn... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:LockmanShahin... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HalvasElias... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KanyamaCeceli... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BoltzValerie... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:Owino-Ong'orW... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ChibowaMargre... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:NairApsaraA | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:issnType | Electronic | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:day | 31 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:volume | 108 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:pagination | 9202-7 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21576473... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:year | 2011 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:articleTitle | Role of low-frequency HIV-1 variants in failure of nevirapine-containing antiviral therapy in women previously exposed to single-dose nevirapine. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:affiliation | National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:publicationType | Randomized Controlled Trial | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21576473 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | lld:pubmed |
