| pubmed-article:21289218 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0065752 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0022661 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0038952 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0175630 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0681842 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:issue | 2 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2011-2-3 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:abstractText | The mechanisms for vascular calcification and its associated cardiovascular mortality in patients with ESRD are not completely understood. Dialysis patients exhibit profound vitamin K deficiency, which may impair carboxylation of the calcification inhibitor matrix gla protein (MGP). Here, we tested whether distinct circulating inactive vitamin K-dependent proteins associate with all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. We observed higher levels of both desphospho-uncarboxylated MGP (dp-ucMGP) and desphospho-carboxylated MGP (dp-cMGP) among 188 hemodialysis patients compared with 98 age-matched subjects with normal renal function. Levels of dp-ucMGP correlated with those of protein induced by vitamin K absence II (PIVKA-II; r = 0.62, P < 0.0001). We found increased PIVKA-II levels in 121 (64%) dialysis patients, indicating pronounced vitamin K deficiency. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with low levels of dp-cMGP had an increased risk for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Multivariable Cox regression confirmed that low levels of dp-cMGP increase mortality risk (all-cause: HR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 4.3; cardiovascular: HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.2 to 6.2). Furthermore, patients with higher vascular calcification scores showed lower levels of dp-cMGP. In 17 hemodialysis patients, daily supplementation with vitamin K2 for 6 weeks reduced dp-ucMGP levels by 27% (P = 0.003) but did not affect dp-cMGP levels. In conclusion, the majority of dialysis patients exhibit pronounced vitamin K deficiency. Lower levels of circulating dp-cMGP may serve as a predictor of mortality in dialysis patients. Whether vitamin K supplementation improves outcomes requires further study. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:month | Feb | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:issn | 1533-3450 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BrandenburgVi... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KettelerMarku... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:WestenfeldRal... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:FloegeJürgenJ | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:SchurgersLeon... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:VermeerCeesC | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:DimkovicNadaN | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:SchlieperGeor... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KrügerThiloT | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:DamjanovicTat... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:DjuricZivkaZ | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MagdeleynsElk... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:CranenburgEll... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:issnType | Electronic | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:volume | 22 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:pagination | 387-95 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21289218... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:21289218... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:year | 2011 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:articleTitle | Circulating nonphosphorylated carboxylated matrix gla protein predicts survival in ESRD. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany. gschlieper@ukaachen.de | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:21289218 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | pubmed:referesTo | pubmed-article:21289218 | lld:pubmed |
