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pubmed-article:20944746pubmed:abstractTextThe pre-T-cell antigen receptor (pre-TCR), expressed by immature thymocytes, has a pivotal role in early T-cell development, including TCR ?-selection, survival and proliferation of CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative thymocytes, and subsequent ?? T-cell lineage differentiation. Whereas ??TCR ligation by the peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complex initiates T-cell signalling, pre-TCR-induced signalling occurs by means of a ligand-independent dimerization event. The pre-TCR comprises an invariant ?-chain (pre-T?) that pairs with any TCR ?-chain (TCR?) following successful TCR ?-gene rearrangement. Here we provide the basis of pre-T?-TCR? assembly and pre-TCR dimerization. The pre-T? chain comprised a single immunoglobulin-like domain that is structurally distinct from the constant (C) domain of the TCR ?-chain; nevertheless, the mode of association between pre-T? and TCR? mirrored that mediated by the C?-C? domains of the ??TCR. The pre-TCR had a propensity to dimerize in solution, and the molecular envelope of the pre-TCR dimer correlated well with the observed head-to-tail pre-TCR dimer. This mode of pre-TCR dimerization enabled the pre-T? domain to interact with the variable (V) ? domain through residues that are highly conserved across the V? and joining (J) ? gene families, thus mimicking the interactions at the core of the ??TCR's V?-V? interface. Disruption of this pre-T?-V? dimer interface abrogated pre-TCR dimerization in solution and impaired pre-TCR expression on the cell surface. Accordingly, we provide a mechanism of pre-TCR self-association that allows the pre-T? chain to simultaneously 'sample' the correct folding of both the V and C domains of any TCR ?-chain, regardless of its ultimate specificity, which represents a critical checkpoint in T-cell development. This unusual dual-chaperone-like sensing function of pre-T? represents a unique mechanism in nature whereby developmental quality control regulates the expression and signalling of an integral membrane receptor complex.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:20944746pubmed:articleTitleThe structural basis for autonomous dimerization of the pre-T-cell antigen receptor.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:20944746pubmed:affiliationThe Protein Crystallography Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:20944746pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:20944746pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed
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