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pubmed-article:20691153pubmed:abstractTextType 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by a T cell-mediated autoimmune response that leads to the loss of insulin-producing beta cells. The optimal preclinical testing of promising therapies would be aided by a humanized immune-mediated T1D model. We develop this model in NOD-scid IL2rgamma(null) mice. The selective destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells was mediated by human T lymphocytes after an initial trigger was supplied by the injection of irradiated spleen mononuclear cells (SMC) from diabetic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. This resulted in severe insulitis, a marked loss of total beta-cell mass, and other related phenotypes of T1D. The migration of human T cells to pancreatic islets was controlled by the beta cell-produced highly conserved chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and its receptor C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4, as demonstrated by in vivo blocking experiments using antibody to CXCR4. The specificity of humanized T cell-mediated immune responses against islet beta cells was generated by the local inflammatory microenvironment in pancreatic islets including human CD4(+) T cell infiltration and clonal expansion, and the mouse islet beta-cell-derived CD1d-mediated human iNKT activation. The selective destruction of mouse islet beta cells by a human T cell-mediated immune response in this humanized T1D model can mimic those observed in T1D patients. This model can provide a valuable tool for translational research into T1D.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:20691153pubmed:copyrightInfoCopyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:20691153pubmed:dateRevised2011-11-17lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:20691153pubmed:articleTitleSelective destruction of mouse islet beta cells by human T lymphocytes in a newly-established humanized type 1 diabetic model.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:20691153pubmed:affiliationDepartment of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. yongzhao@uic.edulld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:20691153pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed
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