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pubmed-article:20610719pubmed:abstractTextMK-2048 represents a prototype second-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) developed with the goal of retaining activity against viruses containing mutations associated with resistance to first-generation INSTIs, raltegravir (RAL) and elvitegravir (EVG). Here, we report the identification of mutations (G118R and E138K) which confer resistance to MK-2048 and not to RAL or EVG. These mutations were selected in vitro and confirmed by site-specific mutagenesis. G118R, which appeared first in cell culture, conferred low levels of resistance to MK-2048. G118R also reduced viral replication capacity to approximately 1% that of the isogenic wild-type (wt) virus. The subsequent selection of E138K partially restored replication capacity to approximately 13% of wt levels and increased resistance to MK-2048 to approximately 8-fold. Viruses containing G118R and E138K remained largely susceptible to both RAL and EVG, suggesting a unique interaction between this second-generation INSTI and the enzyme may be defined by these residues as a potential basis for the increased intrinsic affinity and longer "off" rate of MK-2048. In silico structural analysis suggests that the introduction of a positively charged arginine at position 118, near the catalytic amino acid 116, might decrease Mg(2+) binding, compromising enzyme function and thus leading to the significant reduction in both integration and viral replication capacity observed with these mutations.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:20610719pubmed:articleTitleIdentification of novel mutations responsible for resistance to MK-2048, a second-generation HIV-1 integrase inhibitor.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:20610719pubmed:affiliationMcGill University AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:20610719pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
pubmed-article:20610719pubmed:publicationTypeResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tlld:pubmed
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