| pubmed-article:20368420 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0079134 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0040223 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0175659 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:issue | 16 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2010-4-21 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:databankReference | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:abstractText | Clostridium difficile has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease, with the transcontinental spread of various PCR ribotypes, including 001, 017, 027 and 078. However, the genetic basis for the emergence of C. difficile as a human pathogen is unclear. Whole genome sequencing was used to analyze genetic variation and virulence of a diverse collection of thirty C. difficile isolates, to determine both macro and microevolution of the species. Horizontal gene transfer and large-scale recombination of core genes has shaped the C. difficile genome over both short and long time scales. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates C. difficile is a genetically diverse species, which has evolved within the last 1.1-85 million years. By contrast, the disease-causing isolates have arisen from multiple lineages, suggesting that virulence evolved independently in the highly epidemic lineages. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:month | Apr | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:issn | 1091-6490 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HarrisDavidD | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:DouganGordonG | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:WrenBrendan... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:SebaihiaMoham... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ParkhillJulia... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:LawleyTrevor... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:QuailMichael... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:CortonCraigC | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ClarkLouiseL | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:Seth-SmithHel... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HeMiaoM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BentleyStephe... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:StablerRichar... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ChurcherCarol... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BrooksKarenK | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:WalkerDaniell... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BurrowsChrist... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HoltKathryn... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:DawsonLisa... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ThurstonScott... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:RanceRichardR | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:RoseGrahamG | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MartinMelissa... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MurrayVickyV | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:van... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:issnType | Electronic | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:day | 20 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:volume | 107 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:pagination | 7527-32 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2010-9-30 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:20368420... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:20368420... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:20368420 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:20368420... | lld:pubmed |
