| pubmed-article:19414550 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0035820 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0032269 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0025914 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0026809 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0029882 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0754728 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0301872 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:issue | 7 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2009-6-22 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:abstractText | Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common pathogen associated with otitis media. To examine the role of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in host defense against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in the middle ear, wild-type (WT; C57BL/6) and TLR2-deficient (TLR2(-/-)) mice were inoculated with Streptococcus pneumoniae (1 x 10(6) CFU) through the tympanic membrane. Nineteen of 37 TLR2(-/-) mice showed bacteremia and died within 3 days after the challenge, compared to only 4 of 32 WT mice that died. Of those that survived, more severe hearing loss in the TLR2(-/-) mice than in the WT mice was indicated by an elevation in auditory-evoked brain stem response thresholds at 3 or 7 days postinoculation. The histological pathology was characterized by effusion and tissue damage in the middle ear, and in the TLR2(-/-) mice, the outcome of infection became more severe at 7 days. At both 3 and 7 days postchallenge, the TLR2(-/-) mice had higher blood bacterial titers than the WT mice (P < 0.05), and typical bacteria were identified in the effusion from both ears of both mouse groups by acridine orange staining. Moreover, by 3 days postchallenge, the mRNA accumulation levels of NF-kappaB, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1beta, MIP1alpha, Muc5ac, and Muc5b were significantly lower in the ears of TLR2(-/-) mice than in WT mice. In summary, TLR2(-/-) mice may produce relatively low levels of proinflammatory cytokines following pneumococcal challenge, thus hindering the clearance of bacteria from the middle ear and leading to sepsis and a high mortality rate. This study provides evidence that TLR2 is important in the molecular pathogenesis and host response to otitis media. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:month | Jul | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:issn | 1098-5522 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:JacobsMichael... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:TianCongC | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:LiShengliS | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ZhengQing YQY | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:YuHepingH | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:HanFengchanF | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:Benedict-Alde... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:issnType | Electronic | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:volume | 77 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:pagination | 3100-8 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2010-9-27 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:19414550... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:year | 2009 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:articleTitle | Role for Toll-like receptor 2 in the immune response to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mouse otitis media. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:19414550 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | lld:pubmed |
| entrez-gene:24088 | entrezgene:pubmed | pubmed-article:19414550 | lld:entrezgene |
| http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | pubmed:referesTo | pubmed-article:19414550 | lld:pubmed |
