| pubmed-article:18692523 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0027548 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0441655 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0450442 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C2603343 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C2698650 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:issue | 1 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2008-8-25 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:abstractText | We compared the effects of mode of delivery of neuroactive agents and the effects of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a vehicle for dissolving neuroactive agents, on locomotor-like activity in vitro. By superfusion, d-glutamate (0.3-0.9 mM) produced robust walking-like activity at superfusion rates 10-25 ml/min. In contrast, bolus application of the same or higher doses of glutamate (0.1-1.5 mM) failed to induce any rhythmic activity. Superfusion with AP-5, a NMDA receptor antagonist, produced dose-dependent inhibition of the ongoing walking-like activity induced by D-glutamate and completely blocked the activity at 20 microM. In contrast, bolus application of AP-5 did not block the walking-like activity at concentrations up to 120 microM. Similarly, superfusion of AP-5 inhibited the initiation of walking-like activity and completely blocked the initiation at 20 microM, while bolus application of AP-5 failed to do so at concentrations up to 120 microM. Superfusion of strychnine, a glycine receptor antagonist, blocked the walking-like activity at concentrations of 3-5 microM, while its bolus application altered NMDA-induced, but not glutamate-induced, walking-like activity to a synchronized pattern. DMSO significantly affected the walking-like activity in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations ranging 1-10% (v/v). These results demonstrate that the way by which the neuroactive agents are applied is a significant factor that determines the outcome of experiments on the neural control of locomotion. Also, the dose-dependent effects of DMSO on the activity of neural networks for locomotion should be taken into account in data interpretation. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:month | Sep | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:issn | 0165-0270 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ChengJianguoJ | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:LavrovIgorI | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:day | 15 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:volume | 174 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:pagination | 97-102 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2009-11-18 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:year | 2008 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:articleTitle | Methodological optimization of applying neuroactive agents for the study of locomotor-like activity in the mudpuppies (Necturus maculatus). | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Physiological Science and Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:18692523 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | lld:pubmed |
