| pubmed-article:16762027 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0086418 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0007634 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0332307 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0036536 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0021758 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0036537 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0229613 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0021745 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0183683 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1879547 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1514485 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:issue | 1 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2006-8-23 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:abstractText | Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-4 are known to differentially promote T helper (Th) cell differentiation. While IL-12 induces interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production and maturation of Th1 cells, IL-4 is thought to antagonize IL-12 and to favour Th2 development. Here we studied the combined action of various concentrations of common gamma-chain (gamma(c)-chain) cytokines, including IL-4 and the Th1 cytokine IL-12, in human activated lymphoblasts and Th1 cells. IL-4 and IL-7 potentiated IL-12-induced proliferation at every concentration tested (1-10 ng/ml) without increasing rescue from apoptosis, indicating that proliferation was directly affected by these cytokine combinations. With regards to cytokine secretion, IL-2 together with IL-12 initiated tumour necrosis factor-alpha synthesis, enhanced IFN-gamma production, and shedding of soluble IL-2 receptor alpha as expected. Importantly, combining IL-4 with IL-12 also enhanced IFN-gamma secretion in lymphoblasts and a Th1 cell line. Investigating signal transduction in lymphoblasts induced by these cytokines, we found that not only IL-2 but also IL-4 enhances signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) tyrosine phosphorylation by IL-12. Tyrosine phosphorylations of janus kinase 2 (JAK-2), tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and STAT4, STAT5 and STAT6 were not potentiated by combinations of these cytokines, suggesting specificity for increased STAT3 phosphorylation. In conclusion, two otherwise antagonizing cytokines co-operate in activated human lymphoblasts and Th1 cells, possibly via STAT3 as a converging signal. These data demonstrate that IL-4 can directly enhance human Th1 cell function independently of its known actions on antigen-presenting cells. These findings should be of importance for the design of cytokine-targeted therapies of human Th-cell-driven diseases. | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:citationSubset | IM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:month | Sep | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:issn | 0019-2805 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:SchillerMarti... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KaldenJoachim... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:LorenzHanns-M... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:WinklerSilkeS | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BlankNorbertN | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:GablerChristo... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KriegelMartin... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:TretterTheres... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:volume | 119 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:pagination | 43-53 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2009-11-18 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:16762027... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:16762027... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:16762027... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:16762027... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:16762027... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:16762027 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:16762027... | lld:pubmed |
