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pubmed-article:16411951pubmed:abstractTextArabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are implicated in cell expansion by unknown mechanisms, thus AGP content and cell-expansion rate might be correlated. We used Yariv reagent to quantify release rates and distribution of AGP at the cell surface of tobacco BY-2 cells: plasma membrane (M); soluble periplasmic AGPs released by cell rupture (S); cell wall (W); and growth medium (Gsink). In contrast to earlier reports, we observed massive upregulation of AGPs in salt-stressed cells, and hence the absence of a simple, direct cause-and-effect relationship between growth rate and AGP release. There was a more subtle connection. A dynamic flux model, M-->S-->W-->Gsink, indicated that turnover was nondegradative, with little free diffusion of AGPs trapped in the pectic matrix of nonadapted cells where transmural migration of high molecular-weight AGPs occurred mainly by plug flow (apposition and extrusion). In contrast, however, an up to sixfold increased AGP release rate in the slower-growing salt-adapted cells indicated a greatly increased rate of AGP diffusion through a much more highly porous pectic network. We hypothesize that classical AGPs act as pectin plasticizers. This explains how beta-D-glycosyl Yariv reagents might inhibit expansion growth by crosslinking monomeric AGPs, and thus mimic an AGP loss-of-function mutation.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:16411951pubmed:articleTitleSalt stress upregulates periplasmic arabinogalactan proteins: using salt stress to analyse AGP function.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:16411951pubmed:affiliationSchool of Life Sciences, John Maynard Smith Building, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK. d.t.a.Lamport@sussex.ac.uklld:pubmed
pubmed-article:16411951pubmed:publicationTypeJournal Articlelld:pubmed
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