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pubmed-article:10938436pubmed:abstractTextThe modulation of tau phosphorylation and localization in response to insulin-like growth factor-1 or insulin was examined in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment resulted in a rapid and transient increase in tau phosphorylation at specific epitopes. These effects were completely inhibited by lithium, revealing that the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 induced changes in tau phosphorylation were mediated by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. In addition, the increase in tau phosphorylation directly correlated with a transient dissociation of tau from the cytoskeleton, indicating that insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment resulted in a change in tau localization. Using immunocytochemistry, it was also demonstrated that treatment of neurons with insulin-like growth factor-1 for 3 min resulted in a redistribution of tau to the growth cone and the distal segment of the axons. Further, insulin-like growth factor-1 treatment resulted in an increased immunoreactivity with the phospho-dependent antibody AT8 in the same areas of the axons. Thus, the phosphorylation state and distribution of tau can be modulated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathways involving glycogen synthase kinase-3beta. We propose that by transiently increasing tau phosphorylation, insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 may contribute to the reorganization of the cytoskeleton necessary for the development and growth of the neurites.lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:10938436pubmed:dateRevised2011-11-17lld:pubmed
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pubmed-article:10938436pubmed:articleTitleInsulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin mediate transient site-selective increases in tau phosphorylation in primary cortical neurons.lld:pubmed
pubmed-article:10938436pubmed:affiliationDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.lld:pubmed
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