| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | rdf:type | biopax3:Pathway | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:comment | Edited: Shamovsky, V, 2010-02-27 | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:comment | Authored: Shamovsky, V, 2009-12-16 | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:comment | Reviewed: Gillespie, ME, 2010-02-27 | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:comment | C-Jun NH2 terminal kinases (JNKs) are an evolutionarily conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases, that belong to mitogen activated protein kinase family (MAPKs - also known as stress-activated protein kinases, SAPKs). The JNK pathway is activated by heat shock, or inflammatory cytokines, or UV radiation. <p>The JNKs are encoded by at least three genes: JNK1/SAPK-gamma, JNK2/SAPK-alpha and JNK3/ SAPK-beta. The first two are ubiquitously expressed, whereas the JNK3 protein is found mainly in brain and to a lesser extent in heart and testes. As a result of alternative gene splicing all cells express distinct active forms of JNK from 46 to 55 kDa in size. Sequence alignment of these different products shows homologies of >80%. In spite of this similarity, the multiple JNK isoforms differ in their ability to bind and phosphorylate different target proteins, thus leading to the distinctive cellular processes: the induction of apoptosis, or enhancing cell survival, or proliferation.<p>Activation of JNKs is mediated by activated TAK1 which phosphorylates two dual specificity enzymes MKK4 (MAPK kinase 4) and MKK7(MAPK kinase 7). | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | urn:biopax:RelationshipXref... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | http://identifiers.org/pubm... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | http://identifiers.org/pubm... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | http://identifiers.org/pubm... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | http://identifiers.org/pubm... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | http://identifiers.org/pubm... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | http://identifiers.org/pubm... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | urn:biopax:UnificationXref:... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:xref | urn:biopax:UnificationXref:... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:dataSource | urn:biopax:Provenance:react... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:dataSource | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:displayName | JNK (c-Jun kinases) phosphorylation and activation mediated by activated human TAK1 | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:organism | http://identifiers.org/taxo... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:pathwayComponent | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:pathwayComponent | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:pathwayComponent | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:pathwayOrder | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:pathwayOrder | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:pathwayOrder | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:stepProcess | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
| http://www.reactome.org/bio... | biopax3:pathwayComponent | http://www.reactome.org/bio... | lld:biopax3 |
