. . . . . . "HIV-1 Tat downregulates SOD2 expression by interacting with Sp1 and Sp3 to increase the Sp3-containing complexes on the basal SOD2 promoter" . "In hepatic cells, HIV-1 Tat expression upregulates Sp1 and Sp3, which play different roles in regulating MnSOD transcription (overexpression of Sp1 stimulates, while overexpression of Sp3 represses transcriptional activity)" . "Sp3 represses basal expression from the HIV-1 LTR promoter, and overexpression of Sp3 inhibits HIV-1 Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR promoter" . "interacts with" . "inhibited by" . "upregulates" .