. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "HIV-1 Nef and ALK are capable of cumulatively influencing the MAP-K phosphorylation in astrocytic glioma cells" . "HIV-1 Nef causes the FMS N-glycosylation defect and induces relocalization of the GM130 by activating the p56Hck/MEK/ERK/GRASP65 phosphorylation cascade in the Golgi" . "HIV-1 Nef upregulates ICAM-1 expression on endothelial cells via Erk /Mapk signaling pathway" . "Formation of the Nef-associated kinase complex (NAKC) is sufficient to activate LCK and ERK1/2 and causes a strong Tat-dependent increase of HIV-1 transcription in T cells" . "The formation of Nef/LCK/PKCtheta complex activates the ERK MAPK signaling pathway" . "HIV-1 Nef-induced relocalization of LCK increases phosphorylated ERK1/2 induction in infected and trasduced primary T cells" . "A proline-rich repeat sequence [(Pxx)4] in HIV-1 Nef occurring between amino acid residues 69 to 78 binds to MAPK and significantly decreases its kinase activity in vitro" . "HIV-1 Nef expression in a human astrocytic cell line inhibits the endothelin-1 mediated activation of ERK1 and ERK2 activity" . "The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) by endothelin-1 (ET-1) is inhibited by HIV-1 Nef in human astrocytes; a similar inhibitory action of Nef on ERK2 activation was observed after direct stimulation of G proteins" . "HIV-1 Nef expression in primary CD4 T cells upregulates ERK, MEK, and Elk induction in a T cell receptor stimulation dependent manner, leading to enhanced viral replication and infectivity" . "In human and murine monocyte-macrophages, HIV-1 Nef induces both DNA binding and transcriptional activities of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) through an association with ERK1 and 2 signaling pathways" . "MAPK and JNK activities are activated in the presence of HIV-1 Nef after TNF-alpha treatment in human glial cells" . "HIV-1 Nef, through its PxxP and RR106 motifs, upregulates Src kinase activity and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) phosphorylation, and activates the Ras-c-Raf-MAPK1,2 pathway in podocytes" . "Phospho-MAPK1,2 and phospho-Stat3 staining increase in podocytes of kidneys from HIV-associated nephropathy patients, suggesting HIV-1 Nef-induced activation of these pathways is responsible for podocyte proliferation and dedifferentiation" . "HIV-1 Nef induces ERK/MAPK signaling, which is essential for Nef-mediated Bcl-XL upregulation and cell survival in TF-1 macrophages cells" . "HIV-1 Nef-induced Fas ligand transcription is regulated by p38 MAPK-mediated activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation" . "HIV-1 Nef induces phosphorylation of MAPK1 (ERK2) in M2-type macrophages" . "inhibits" . "induces phosphorylation of" . "regulated by" . "upregulates" . "binds" . "activates" . "Inhibits" .