. . . . . . . . . . . "HIV-1 Tat-induced MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38) activation is required for MMP-9 expression in human astrocytes" . "HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of MMP-9 in monocytes in an IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and tyrosine phosphatase dependent manner" . "HIV-1 Tat-mediated upregulation of MMP-9 in human astrocytes results from NF-kappaB activation pathway" . "HIV-1 Tat protein increases the permeability of primary human brain micro vascular endothelial cells by both inhibiting occludin expression and cleaving occludin via matrix metalloproteinase-9" . "interacts with" . "upregulates" .