. . . . . . . . "HIV-1 Vpr modulates expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10), increasing or suppressing IL-10 expression through varying effects on NF-kappa B activity in different cell lines" . "HIV-1 Vpr upregulates the production of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in dendritic cells" . "upregulates" . "modulates" .