. . . . . . "Production of the C-X-C chemokine growth-regulated oncogene alpha (GRO-alpha) is markedly stimulated by CXCR4-tropic HIV-1; HIV-1 gp120 engagement of CXCR4 initiates the stimulation of GRO-alpha production, which is blocked by antibodies to CXCR4" . "In endometrial epithelium-derived cells, gp120 from CCR5-tropic HIV-1 increases the release of monocytes/chemokines-attracting chemokines (IL-8 and GRO) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-beta and IL-1alpha)" . "upregulates" .