. . . . . . . "HIV-1 Tat enhances translation of the interferon-inducible enzymes 2-5A synthetase and dsRNA-dependent protein kinase, suggesting interaction of Tat with interferons during HIV-1 replication" . "IFN treatment significantly reduces HIV-1 mRNA levels from a Tat defective provirus, suggesting Tat can overcome the inhibitory effects of IFN on HIV-1 replication" . "HIV-1 Tat upregulates IFN-alpha secretion by macrophages, an effect that augments MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta secretion and induces immunosuppression of uninfected T cells" . "HIV-1 Tat inhibits CpG-A-induced secretion of IFN-a and IFN-\u009D proteins in PBMCs" . "inhibits" . "interacts with" . "upregulates" .