. . . . . . . . . . . . . "HIV-1 Vpr impairs NK cell function through cytokine dysregulation, including diminshed expression of CD107a, reduced production of IFN-gamma, differential regulation of IL-12 and TGF-beta, and activation of the Smad3 signalling pathway" . "HIV-1 Vpr suppresses expression and secretion of IL-12 subunit p35 and IL-12 holo-protein, but not IL-12 subunit p40" . "HIV-1 Vpr downregulates the production of interleukin 12 (IL-12) in dendritic cells" . "The C-terminal domain or the R90 residue of HIV-1 Vpr are important for Vpr-mediated IL-12 degradation via ubiquitin-dependent pathway" . "downregulates" . "modulates" .