. . . . "HIV-1 Vpr activates NF-IL-6 resulting in an increase in IL-8 expression and IL-8 promoter activity and also increases transcription of NF-IL-6 enhancer-containing viral promoters" . "Upregulation of IL-6, IL-10, TNFalpha, and gamma interferon is linked to HIV-1 Vpr activation of NF-IL-6" . "HIV-1 Vpr-induced IL-6 production depends on the activation of NFkappaB and the involvement of C/EBP-beta, TLR4, and MyD88" . "cooperates with" . "activates" .