. "Reviewed: Gagneux, P, 2010-04-16"^^ . "Edited: Jassal, B, 2009-11-10"^^ . "Authored: Dall'Olio, GM, 2009-11-10"^^ . "The precursor of the N-glycan sugar, now in the form of (GlcNAc)2 (Man)5 (PP-Dol), is flipped across the ER membrane, moving it from the cytosolic side into the ER lumen. The exact mechanism of this translocation is not well understood: the protein RFT1 is known to be involved (Helenius et al, 2002), along with an unknown flippase, which is distinct from the one that flips the Dol-P linked precursors (Dol-P-Mannose and Dol-P-glucose) (Sanyal et al, 2008). Defects in RFT1 are associated with Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation 1N (CDG1N) (Haeuptle MA et al, 2008)."^^ . . . . . . . . "Flipping of the N-glycan precursor to inside the ER"^^ . . . . . .