. "Multifunctional protein that may modulate protein degradation pathways, apoptosis, transcription, signal transduction, cell cycle progress, and genetic stability by directly or indirectly interacting with hosts factors. Does not seem to be essential for HBV infection. May be directly involved in development of cirrhosis and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). Most of cytosolic activities involve modulation of cytosolic calcium. Effect on apoptosis is controversial depending on the cell types in which the studies have been conducted (By similarity)." . . . . . . . . . . . . . .