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skos:definition |
MEDLINEPLUS: <p>The bladder is a hollow organ in your lower abdomen that stores urine. Bladder cancer occurs in the lining of the bladder. It is the sixth most common type of cancer in the United States.</p><p>Symptoms include</p><ul> <li>Blood in your urine</li> <li>A frequent urge to urinate</li> <li>Pain when you urinate</li> <li>Low back pain</li></ul><p>Smoking is a major risk factor for bladder cancer. Exposure to certain chemicals in the workplace is another. People with a family history of bladder cancer or who are older, white or male have a higher risk.</p><p>Treatments for bladder cancer include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and biologic therapy. Biologic therapy, or immunotherapy, boosts your body's own ability to fight cancer. </p><p style="font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;">NIH: National Cancer Institute</p>,NCI: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the bladder. - 2003
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