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rdf:type |
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lifeskim:mentions |
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pubmed:issue |
14
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pubmed:dateCreated |
1998-8-27
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pubmed:abstractText |
In Hoxa-2(-/- )embryos, the normal skeletal elements of the second branchial arch are replaced by a duplicated set of first arch elements. We show here that Hoxa-2 directs proper skeletal formation in the second arch by preventing chondrogenesis and intramembranous ossification. In normal embryos, Hoxa-2 is expressed throughout the second arch mesenchyme, but is excluded from the chondrogenic condensations. In the absence of Hoxa-2, chondrogenesis is activated ectopically within the rostral Hoxa-2 expression domain to form the mutant set of cartilages. In Hoxa-2(-/- )embryos the Sox9 expression domain is shifted into the normal Hoxa-2 domain. Misexpression of Sox9 in this area produces a phenotype resembling that of the Hoxa-2 mutants. These results indicate that Hoxa-2 acts at early stages of the chondrogenic pathway, upstream of Sox9 induction. We also show that Hoxa-2 inhibits dermal bone formation when misexpressed in its precursors. Furthermore, molecular analyses indicate that Cbfa1 is upregulated in the second branchial arches of Hoxa-2 mutant embryos suggesting that prevention of Cbfa1 induction might mediate Hoxa-2 inhibition of dermal bone formation during normal second arch development. The implications of these results on the patterning of the branchial area are discussed.
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pubmed:language |
eng
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pubmed:journal |
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pubmed:citationSubset |
IM
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pubmed:chemical |
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/DNA Probes,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/High Mobility Group Proteins,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Homeodomain Proteins,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Neoplasm Proteins,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/SOX9 Transcription Factor,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/SOX9 protein, human,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Sox9 protein, mouse,
http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/chemical/Transcription Factors
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pubmed:status |
MEDLINE
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pubmed:month |
Jul
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pubmed:issn |
0950-1991
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pubmed:author |
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pubmed:issnType |
Print
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pubmed:volume |
125
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pubmed:owner |
NLM
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pubmed:authorsComplete |
Y
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pubmed:pagination |
2587-97
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pubmed:dateRevised |
2008-11-21
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pubmed:meshHeading |
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Animals,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Bone Development,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Branchial Region,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Cartilage,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-DNA Probes,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Embryo, Mammalian,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Embryonic and Fetal Development,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Genes, Homeobox,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Head,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-High Mobility Group Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Homeodomain Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Humans,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-In Situ Hybridization,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Mice,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Mice, Knockout,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Neoplasm Proteins,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-SOX9 Transcription Factor,
pubmed-meshheading:9636074-Transcription Factors
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pubmed:year |
1998
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pubmed:articleTitle |
Hoxa-2 restricts the chondrogenic domain and inhibits bone formation during development of the branchial area.
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pubmed:affiliation |
Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, Germany.
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pubmed:publicationType |
Journal Article
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