Linked Life Data

21497059

Source:http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/pubmed/id/21497059

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PredicateObject
rdf:type
lifeskim:mentions
pubmed:issue
2-3
pubmed:dateCreated
2011-6-7
pubmed:abstractText
Altered antioxidant status has been implicated in schizophrenia. Microglia, major sources of free radicals such as superoxide (•O(2)(-)), play crucial roles in various brain pathologies. Recent postmortem and imaging studies have indicated microglial activation in the brain of schizophrenic patients. We previously demonstrated that atypical antipsychotics including aripiprazole significantly inhibited the release of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines from interferon-?-stimulated microglia in vitro. Antioxidative effects of antipsychotics via modulating microglial superoxide generation have never been reported. Therefore, we herein investigated the effects of antipsychotics on the •O(2)(-) generation from phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA)-stimulated rodent microglia by the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and also examined the intracellular mechanism by intracellular Ca(2+) imaging and immunostaining. Neuronal damage induced by microglial activation was also investigated by the co-culture experiment. Among various antipsychotics, only aripiprazole inhibited the •O(2)(-) generation from PMA-stimulated microglia. Aripiprazole proved to inhibit the •O(2)(-) generation through the cascade of protein kinase C (PKC) activation, intracellular Ca(2+) regulation and NADPH oxidase activation via cytosolic p47(phox) translocation to the plasma/phagosomal membranes. Formation of neuritic beading, induced by PMA-stimulated microglia, was attenuated by pretreatment of aripiprazole. D2R antagonism has long been considered as the primary therapeutic action for schizophrenia. Aripiprazole with D2R partial agonism is effective like other antipsychotics with fewer side effects, while aripiprazole's therapeutic mechanism itself remains unclear. Our results imply that aripiprazole may have psychotropic effects by reducing the microglial oxidative reactions and following neuronal reactions, which puts forward a novel therapeutic hypothesis in schizophrenia research.
pubmed:language
eng
pubmed:journal
pubmed:citationSubset
IM
pubmed:chemical
pubmed:status
MEDLINE
pubmed:month
Jul
pubmed:issn
1573-2509
pubmed:author
pubmed:copyrightInfo
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
pubmed:issnType
Electronic
pubmed:volume
129
pubmed:owner
NLM
pubmed:authorsComplete
Y
pubmed:pagination
172-82
pubmed:meshHeading
pubmed:year
2011
pubmed:articleTitle
Aripiprazole inhibits superoxide generation from phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA)-stimulated microglia in vitro: implication for antioxidative psychotropic actions via microglia.
pubmed:affiliation
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. takahiro@npsych.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
pubmed:publicationType
Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't