| pubmed-article:17442959 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0021311 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0010415 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0206116 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0228174 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1545588 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0439851 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1552596 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1879547 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1947931 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:issue | 9 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2007-4-19 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:abstractText | The brain represents a significant barrier for protective immune responses in both infectious disease and cancer. We have recently demonstrated that immunotherapy with anti-CD40 and IL-2 can protect mice against disseminated Cryptococcus infection. We now applied this immunotherapy using a direct cerebral cryptococcosis model to study direct effects in the brain. Administration of anti-CD40 and IL-2 significantly prolonged the survival time of mice infected intracerebrally with Cryptococcus neoformans. The protection was correlated with activation of microglial cells indicated by the up-regulation of MHC II expression on brain CD45(low)CD11b(+) cells. CD4(+) T cells were not required for either the microglial cell activation or anticryptococcal efficacy induced by this immunotherapy. Experiments with IFN-gamma knockout mice and IFN-gammaR knockout mice demonstrated that IFN-gamma was critical for both microglial cell activation and the anticryptococcal efficacy induced by anti-CD40/IL-2. Interestingly, while peripheral IFN-gamma production and microglial cell activation were observed early after treatment, negligible IFN-gamma was detected locally in the brain. These studies indicate that immunotherapy using anti-CD40 and IL-2 can augment host immunity directly in the brain against C. neoformans infection and that IFN-gamma is essential for this effect. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:citationSubset | AIM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:chemical | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:month | May | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:issn | 0022-1767 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:MurphyWilliam... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:ZhouQingQ | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:KozelThomas... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:GaultRuth ARA | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:day | 1 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:volume | 178 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:pagination | 5753-61 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2010-12-3 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:meshHeading | pubmed-meshheading:17442959... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:year | 2007 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:articleTitle | Protection from direct cerebral cryptococcus infection by interferon-gamma-dependent activation of microglial cells. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:affiliation | Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Cancer Center and Department of Pediatrics, MMC 109, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:17442959 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | lld:pubmed |
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