| pubmed-article:11544310 | rdf:type | pubmed:Citation | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1456820 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0013081 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0017262 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C1332709 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C2911684 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | lifeskim:mentions | umls-concept:C0185117 | lld:lifeskim |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:issue | 6 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:dateCreated | 2001-9-6 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:abstractText | Aging and chronic inflammatory syndromes, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are associated with high frequencies of CD4(+)CD28(null) T cells, which are rarely seen in healthy individuals younger than 40 years. Inasmuch as rheumatoid arthritis and aging are also associated with elevated levels of TNF-alpha, we examined whether this proinflammatory cytokine influences CD28 expression. Incubation of T cell lines and clones as well as Jurkat cells with TNF-alpha induced a reduction in the levels of cell surface expression of CD28. This effect of TNF-alpha was reversible; however, continuous culture of CD4(+)CD28(+) T cell clones in TNF-alpha resulted in the appearance of a CD28(null) subset. In reporter gene bioassays, TNF-alpha was found to inhibit the activity of the CD28 minimal promoter. Inactivation of the promoter was accompanied by a marked reduction in DNA-protein complex formation by two DNA sequence motifs corresponding to the transcriptional initiator of the CD28 gene. Indeed, in vitro transcription assays showed that nuclear extracts from TNF-alpha-treated cells failed to activate transcription of DNA templates under the control of a consensus TATA box and the CD28 initiator sequences. In contrast, similar extracts from unstimulated T cells supported transcription. These results demonstrate that TNF-alpha directly influences CD28 gene transcription. We propose that the emergence of CD4(+)CD28(null) T cells in vivo is facilitated by increased production of TNF-alpha. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:grant | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:language | eng | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:journal | http://linkedlifedata.com/r... | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:citationSubset | AIM | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:status | MEDLINE | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:month | Sep | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:issn | 0022-1767 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:BrykDD | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:VallejoA NAN | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:WeyandC MCM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:author | pubmed-author:GoronzyJ JJJ | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:issnType | Print | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:day | 15 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:volume | 167 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:owner | NLM | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:authorsComplete | Y | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:pagination | 3231-8 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:dateRevised | 2008-11-21 | lld:pubmed |
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| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:year | 2001 | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:articleTitle | Down-regulation of CD28 expression by TNF-alpha. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:affiliation | Department of Medicine and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:publicationType | Journal Article | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. | lld:pubmed |
| pubmed-article:11544310 | pubmed:publicationType | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | lld:pubmed |
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